![]() Data can be accessed via our data page or data access notebooks. Some stations also include meteorological instrument packs. Real-time high-rate (1 Hz) data are also available from many NOTA stations. Standard-rate GNSS/GPS data are collected at 15 seconds-per-sample and archived. To learn more about how all this works and the science it supports, visit our What is geodesy? pages. NOTA stations are used as reference stations for RTK (Real Time Kinematics) positioning techniques, as well as for maintenance of the National Spatial Reference System-which defines the coordinate system-by NOAA’s National Geodetic Survey. ![]() The use of high-precision positioning is continually growing for surveying, construction, autonomous vehicles (including aerial systems), and agriculture. Clever data processing also enables GPS/GNSS stations to measure atmospheric water vapor, ionospheric activity–and even soil moisture, snow depth, or water level near the station. Surface uplift and subsidence over seasons and years is used to infer changes in groundwater resources due to (for example) increased pumping during drought. This is critical to the mission of understanding Yellowstone and detecting any changes in the hazard it presents.Īdditional science applications stretch beyond the solid Earth. These instruments measure the subtle surface deformation that provides an indicator of volcanic processes underground. Among the variety of instruments positioned in and around the Yellowstone Caldera are a number of NOTA GPS and borehole stations. The Yellowstone Volcano Observatory is another example of NOTA’s contributions to hazards monitoring. This improves the performance of earthquake alerts everywhere they are provided, but is particularly important in the Pacific Northwest-where a large earthquake could generate a dangerous tsunami that reaches shore in just 15 minutes. Adding these geodetic stations that measure ground movement enables faster identification of the largest earthquakes than seismometers can provide on their own. ![]() Through an interagency agreement with the NSF and USGS, UNAVCO feeds data from NOTA stations into the ShakeAlert Earthquake Early Warning System (currently operational in California, Oregon, and Washington). ![]() (Credit: Doerte Mann/UNAVCO) Science and Technological Applicationsĭata from NOTA contributes to a broad set of scientific fields and technological applications. ![]()
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